{"id":2874,"date":"2022-05-27T09:00:32","date_gmt":"2022-05-27T09:00:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/soil-maps\/"},"modified":"2026-04-29T14:14:41","modified_gmt":"2026-04-29T14:14:41","slug":"soil-maps","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/soil-maps\/","title":{"rendered":"Soil Maps"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=&#8221;full_width_background&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; content_placement=&#8221;bottom&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image=&#8221;1665&#8243; bg_position=&#8221;center top&#8221; background_image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_repeat=&#8221;no-repeat&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;18%&#8221; bottom_padding=&#8221;4%&#8221; text_color=&#8221;light&#8221; text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.5&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; shape_divider_height=&#8221;350&#8243; bg_image_animation=&#8221;fade-in&#8221; parallax_bg=&#8221;true&#8221; parallax_bg_speed=&#8221;fast&#8221; shape_type=&#8221;mountains&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; centered_text=&#8221;true&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][vc_row_inner column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221;][vc_column_inner column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][split_line_heading animation_type=&#8221;line-reveal-by-space&#8221; font_style=&#8221;h1&#8243; text_color=&#8221;#36361e&#8221; content_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; mobile_content_alignment=&#8221;inherit&#8221; text_content=&#8221;Soil Maps&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800&#8243;][\/split_line_heading][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=&#8221;full_width_background&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_color=&#8221;#eeeff4&#8243; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; shape_type=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;50px&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<h4><em>Soil Datasets<\/em><\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]\n<p style=\"line-height: 2;\">A soil map depicts the state of the soil cover at the time of mapping, visually presenting both the spatial variation of soil types and subtypes, as well as other information derived based on the soil type.<\/p>\n<p>Romania has a series of pedological maps at different scales, which have been developed successively as new field and laboratory information has been accumulated:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: -14px;\">\n<li>1911: Gh. Munteanu Murgoci, P. Enculescu, and Em. Protopopescu Pache published a soil map at 1:2,500,000 scale<\/li>\n<li>1927: extension of the map for the new borders, in 1927, at 1:1,500,000 scale<\/li>\n<li>1964\u20131970: maps published by N. Cernescu et al., at 1:1,000,000 scale<\/li>\n<li>1971: N. Florea et al., at 1:500,000 scale (6 sheets)<\/li>\n<li>1978: Florea et al. \u2013 soil map at 1:1,000,000 scale<\/li>\n<li>1978: Florea and Parichi, at 1:2,500,000 scale<\/li>\n<li>1986: Geanana and Florea, at 1:1,750,000 scale<\/li>\n<li>1996: Soil Map of Romania included in the Soil Map of Europe, at 1:1,000,000 scale<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;10px&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;30px&#8221;][vc_row_inner column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221;][vc_column_inner column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<h4><em>Soil map at 1:200,000 scale<\/em><\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;10px&#8221;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;7\/12&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][vc_column_text]Between 1964 and 1994, the soil map of Romania at 1:200,000 scale was developed and published under the coordination of N. Cernescu initially and later N. Florea (Fig. 1). The map was published over time in the form of 50 map sheets.<\/p>\n<p>Map projection: Gauss-Kr\u00fcger, on Krasovsky 1940 ellipsoid, Pulkovo 1942 datum.<\/p>\n<p>Each of the 50 sheets of this map (Fig. 2) includes:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: -14px;\">\n<li>the actual soil map;<\/li>\n<li>a geomorphological-lithological cartogram;<\/li>\n<li>a geobotanical cartogram,<\/li>\n<li>climatological data for some meteorological stations in the respective area;<\/li>\n<li>some pedo-morphographic profiles relating to representative sections from the area.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The legend of the map as a whole includes:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: -14px;\">\n<li>470 soil taxonomic units,<\/li>\n<li>several additional symbols<\/li>\n<li>22 texture units of the upper soil horizon.<\/li>\n<li>The legend of the two cartograms includes corresponding elements regarding the relief units and forms, surface rocks, and the plant associations specific to each map sheet.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;5\/12&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;10px&#8221;][image_with_animation image_url=&#8221;1680&#8243; animation=&#8221;Fade In From Right&#8221; hover_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; alignment=&#8221;&#8221; border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; box_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width_mobile=&#8221;default&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Figure 1. Distribution of map sheets for the 1:200,000 soil map <\/em><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][image_with_animation image_url=&#8221;1695&#8243; animation=&#8221;Grow In&#8221; hover_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; alignment=&#8221;&#8221; border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; box_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width_mobile=&#8221;default&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Figure 2. Piatra Neamt map sheet 1:200,000 (L-35-IX) <\/em><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]The map sheets were converted to digital format between 1992 and 2000, resulting in the Geographic Information System of Soil Resources &#8220;SIGSTAR-200&#8243;. The map was reprojected in Stereo&#8217;70 projection, on Krasovsky 1940 ellipsoid, Pulkovo 1942 datum, which is the standard projection of Romania at the national level.[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;10px&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=&#8221;full_width_background&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_color=&#8221;#eeeff4&#8243; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; shape_type=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;50px&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<h4><em>Geographic Information System SIGSTAR-200 <\/em><\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]In principle, the Geographic Information System SIGSTAR-200 consists of the sheets that together make up the 1:200,000 soil map, along with the corresponding attribute database (the main parameters characterizing the soil polygon being the soil cartographic unit, texture in the surface horizon, as well as the intensity of the main soil degradation processes: erosion, salinization, alkalization, excess water).<\/p>\n<p>The main characteristic describing the SIGSTAR-200 soil cartographic unit (UCS) is the genetic soil unit, coded in COD_UCS (Fig. 3), together with the description of each type of genetic unit.[\/vc_column_text][image_with_animation image_url=&#8221;1665&#8243; animation=&#8221;Fade In From Right&#8221; hover_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; alignment=&#8221;&#8221; border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; box_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width_mobile=&#8221;default&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Figure 3. Soil map of Romania at 1:200,000 scale <\/em><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;10px&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=&#8221;full_width_background&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; shape_type=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;50px&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<h4><em>Soil map at 1:1,000,000 scale<\/em><\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]The map was created between 1994\u20131998, within an international project that led to the creation of the European Soil Database (1998).<\/p>\n<p>The database of the Soil Map of Romania at 1:1,000,000 scale consists of the Graphic DB and Attributes DB, which contains several parameters: soil type (in WRB, FAO90, and SRCS systems), surface and subsurface textural class, slope class, agricultural limitations, parent material, minimum and maximum altitude, land use, depth of textural change, depth at which roots encounter an obstacle, presence of an impermeable layer, average water regime class, data on soil tillage systems. The soils of Romania in the FAO system are presented in Fig. 4.[\/vc_column_text][image_with_animation image_url=&#8221;1700&#8243; animation=&#8221;Fade In From Left&#8221; hover_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; alignment=&#8221;&#8221; border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; box_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width_mobile=&#8221;default&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Figure 4. Soil map of Romania at 1:1,000,000 scale <\/em><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;10px&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=&#8221;full_width_background&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_color=&#8221;#eeeff4&#8243; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; shape_type=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;50px&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<h4><em>Soil maps at the commune level <\/em><\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Within national research projects or economic contracts, soil maps at the administrative territorial unit level have been produced by specialized teams of INCDPAPM \u2013 ICPA Bucharest or by the County Offices for Pedological and Agrochemical Research: Adamclisi, Constan\u021ba County; D\u0103buleni, Dolj County; S\u0103l\u0103trucu and Albe\u0219tii de Arge\u0219, Arge\u0219 County, etc.[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;10px&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row type=&#8221;full_width_background&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; content_placement=&#8221;bottom&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image=&#8221;1665&#8243; bg_position=&#8221;center top&#8221; background_image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_repeat=&#8221;no-repeat&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;18%&#8221; bottom_padding=&#8221;4%&#8221; text_color=&#8221;light&#8221; text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.5&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; shape_divider_height=&#8221;350&#8243; bg_image_animation=&#8221;fade-in&#8221; parallax_bg=&#8221;true&#8221; parallax_bg_speed=&#8221;fast&#8221; shape_type=&#8221;mountains&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221;&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2874","page","type-page","status-publish"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Soil Maps - ICPA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/soil-maps\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Soil Maps - ICPA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row type=&#8221;full_width_background&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; content_placement=&#8221;bottom&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image=&#8221;1665&#8243; bg_position=&#8221;center top&#8221; background_image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_repeat=&#8221;no-repeat&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;18%&#8221; bottom_padding=&#8221;4%&#8221; text_color=&#8221;light&#8221; text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.5&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; shape_divider_height=&#8221;350&#8243; bg_image_animation=&#8221;fade-in&#8221; parallax_bg=&#8221;true&#8221; parallax_bg_speed=&#8221;fast&#8221; shape_type=&#8221;mountains&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221;...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/soil-maps\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ICPA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/icpa.ro\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-29T14:14:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IcpaOficial\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"11 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"National Research and Development Institute for Soil Science, Agrochemistry and Environmental Protection \\u2013 ICPA Bucharest\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/icpa.ro\/\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/icpabucuresti\/\",\"https:\/\/ro.linkedin.com\/company\/national-research-and-development-institute-for-soil-science-agrochemistry-and-environment-icpa\",\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/IcpaOficial\"],\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/#logo\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/logoICPA.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/logoICPA.png\",\"width\":179,\"height\":183,\"caption\":\"National Research and Development Institute for Soil Science, Agrochemistry and Environmental Protection \\u2013 ICPA Bucharest\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/#logo\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/\",\"name\":\"ICPA\",\"description\":\"INCDPAPM-ICPA\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/soil-maps\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/soil-maps\/\",\"name\":\"Soil Maps - ICPA\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2022-05-27T09:00:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-04-29T14:14:41+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/soil-maps\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/soil-maps\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/soil-maps\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Soil Maps\"}]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Soil Maps - ICPA","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/soil-maps\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Soil Maps - ICPA","og_description":"[vc_row type=&#8221;full_width_background&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; content_placement=&#8221;bottom&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image=&#8221;1665&#8243; bg_position=&#8221;center top&#8221; background_image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_repeat=&#8221;no-repeat&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;18%&#8221; bottom_padding=&#8221;4%&#8221; text_color=&#8221;light&#8221; text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.5&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; shape_divider_height=&#8221;350&#8243; bg_image_animation=&#8221;fade-in&#8221; parallax_bg=&#8221;true&#8221; parallax_bg_speed=&#8221;fast&#8221; shape_type=&#8221;mountains&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221;...","og_url":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/soil-maps\/","og_site_name":"ICPA","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/icpa.ro\/","article_modified_time":"2026-04-29T14:14:41+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@IcpaOficial","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"11 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/#organization","name":"National Research and Development Institute for Soil Science, Agrochemistry and Environmental Protection \u2013 ICPA Bucharest","url":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/icpa.ro\/","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/icpabucuresti\/","https:\/\/ro.linkedin.com\/company\/national-research-and-development-institute-for-soil-science-agrochemistry-and-environment-icpa","https:\/\/twitter.com\/IcpaOficial"],"logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/#logo","inLanguage":"en-US","url":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/logoICPA.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/logoICPA.png","width":179,"height":183,"caption":"National Research and Development Institute for Soil Science, Agrochemistry and Environmental Protection \u2013 ICPA Bucharest"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/#logo"}},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/","name":"ICPA","description":"INCDPAPM-ICPA","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/soil-maps\/#webpage","url":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/soil-maps\/","name":"Soil Maps - ICPA","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2022-05-27T09:00:32+00:00","dateModified":"2026-04-29T14:14:41+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/soil-maps\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/soil-maps\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/soil-maps\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Soil Maps"}]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2874","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2874"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2874\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3295,"href":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2874\/revisions\/3295"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/icpa.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2874"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}